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“砂防”一词出自于1929年民部省关于《防治泥沙流失》的通告中。所谓“防水”,是指河流水位一旦上升就要采取措施,发现河堤漏水或溢水就采用各种防水措施。现在的砂防,从预防到灾害发生,其中最主要的环节是修复毁坏的工程,防止灾害再度发生,但对即将发生或已发生的灾害却毫无办法。就其滑坡对策,也只是在滑落速度缓慢之后才进行应付。如此下去,怎么能行呢?因此,对于活火山的砂防有必要采取应急的对策。云仙普贤岳的火山活动达一年之久,据说要等火山活动稳定下来,才能对泥石流采取工程措施。砂防计划包括对熔岩流、泥石流,火山灰流等的防治,对此也仅仅是在灾害发生前后采取措施。
The word “sand defense” comes from the ministry’s announcement on “preventing sediment loss” in 1929. The so-called “waterproof” means that once the water level of the river rises, measures should be taken to find out that various leaking measures are applied to leaking levees or flooding. At present, sand prevention and prevention work from prevention to disasters. The most important part is the repair of damaged works to prevent the recurrence of disasters, but there is no solution to impending or existing disasters. As far as their landslide strategy is concerned, they are only dealt with after the slow down rate. So go on, how can we do? Therefore, sand for active volcano defense necessary measures to take an emergency. Yunxian Pu Xian Yue’s volcano activity up to a year long, it is said to wait for the volcano activity to stabilize in order to take engineering measures on debris flow. Sand prevention programs include the prevention and treatment of lava, debris flow, volcanic ash flow and others, and only take measures before and after the disaster.