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目的：比较奥氮平与氯丙嗪对精神分裂症患者认知功能的影响。方法将96例精神分裂症患者随机分为奥氮平组和氯丙嗪组，每组48例，分别口服奥氮平和氯丙嗪治疗，观察8周。于治疗前后采用威斯康星卡片分类测验、韦氏记忆测验及河内塔测验对两组患者的认知功能进行测评分析。结果治疗8周末，奥氮平组威斯康星卡片分类测验完成分类数、正确应答数、概念化水平百分数及持续性应答数和韦氏记忆测验评分均较治疗前显著升高（P＜0．01），奥氮平组显著高于氯丙嗪组（ P＜0．05或0．01）；两组持续性错误数和河内塔测验的完成时间和移动次数均较治疗前显著降低（P＜0．01），奥氮平组显著低于氯丙嗪组（P＜0．01）。结论奥氮平能显著改善精神分裂症患者的认知功能，优于氯丙嗪。“,”Objective To compare the impact between olanzapine and chlorpromazine on cognitive func-tions of schizophrenia patients .Methods Ninety-six schizophrenics were randomly assigned to olanzapine (n=48) and chlorpromazine group (n=48) taking orally olanzapine or chlorpromazine for 8 weeks .Cogni-tive functions were assessed with the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST ) ,Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) and Tower of Hanoi (TOH) before and after treatment .Results At the end of 8 week treatment WCST categories achieved ,correct ,percent conceptual-level and perseverative responses as well as WMS score heightened more significantly compared with pre-treatment in olanzapine group (P<0 .01) and were significantly higher than those in chlorpromazine group (P< 0 .05 or 0 .01);perseverative errors ,TOH completion time and moving times of both groups lowered more significantly compared with pre-treatment (P<0 .01) ,so did those in olanzapine than in chlorpromazine group (P<0 .01) .Conclusion Olanzapine could improve cognitive function of schizophrenia patient compared with chlorpromazine .