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中国服务业改革始于1978年,但改革时政府部门和学术界对服务业并没有充分的理论认识。改革的初始动机是为了解决当时日趋严重的就业问题。从改革具体路径看,改革伊始主要是通过放开个体经济,间接促进服务业改革,随即对服务业的相关理论进行深入探讨,针对行业所存在的问题进行全面改革。以增量改革带动存量改革、渐进市场化的模式、先易后难稳步推进等,是这一时期服务业改革的基本特征。上述改革经验对于我们今天深化改革仍具有借鉴意义。
China’s service industry reform began in 1978, but government agencies and academia did not have sufficient theoretical understanding of the service industry during the reform. The initial motivation of the reform was to solve the increasingly serious employment problem at that time. Judging from the concrete path of reform, at the beginning of the reform, we mainly promoted the reform of the service industry by letting go of the individual economy and then conducted an in-depth discussion on the related theories of the service industry and conducted an overall reform in response to the problems existing in the industry. It is the basic feature of the reform of service industry during this period that incremental reforms lead the reform of stocks and the mode of gradual marketization. The above experience of reform is still of great significance to our deepening reform today.