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OBJECTIVE:To investigate the mechanism underlying the effects of Shichangpu (Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii) on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).METHODS;A network pharmacology approach integrating ingredients of Shichangpu (Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii) and target with ADHD,network construction,molecular function interactions and pathway analysis was used.RESULTS:This approach successfully helped to identify 7 active ingredients of CN,interacting with 21 key targets (ADRA1A,ADRA1B,ADRA2A,ADRA2B,ADRA2C,ADRB1,ADRB2,CHRM1,CHRM2,CHRM3,PTGS1,SLC6A2,SLC6A3,SLC6A4,DRD1,DRD5,HTR2A,ADRA1 D,MAOB,GRIA2,HTR1A).The molecular function interactions among candidate targets mainly consisted of four groups:G-protein coupled amine receptor activity,catecholamine binding,monoamine transmembrane transporter activity and neurotransmitter receptor activity.Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis indicated that Shichangpu (Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii)-regulated pathways were mainly classified into signal transduction and monoamine neurotransmitters.CONCLUSION:Our investigation revealed that Shichangpu (Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii) could improve the symptoms of ADHD by regulating neurotransmitter,in multiple types of compounds-target-pathway,which may be implicated in the major pathological processes of ADHD.