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通过对不同棚龄、不同土层、不同季节的蔬菜大棚土壤全盐及盐分组成离子变化的研究表明,大棚土壤全盐含量明显高于相邻棚外土壤,大棚土壤全盐含量随着棚龄的增加而增加,大部分大棚土壤已达到中度盐渍化的程度,同棚龄不同土层全盐含量由上而下呈下降的趋势,大棚土壤全盐含量季节变化2月份明显高于9月份。不同棚龄的大棚土壤盐分组成离子Na+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+、Cl-、SO42-、HCO3-、NO3-含量,在0～20cm土层中均明显高于相邻棚外土壤,其含量随着棚龄的增加而增加,其中,K+、Ca2+、NO3-、SO42-最为明显,是造成大棚土壤表层盐渍化的主要离子。造成大棚土壤盐渍化的主要原因是大量使用化学肥料,另外,耕作、灌溉等管理方式不当也是造成棚内土壤盐渍化的原因。
Through the study on the changes of total salt and salt ions in vegetable greenhouse with different age, different soil layers and different seasons, the content of total salt in greenhouse soil was significantly higher than that in adjacent greenhouse soil. The content of total salt in greenhouse soil increased with age The majority of greenhouse soil has reached the level of moderate salinization, with the age of different layers of soil salt content from top to bottom downward trend, the seasonal changes in soil salt content was significantly higher in February than in 9 month. The content of Na +, K +, Ca2 +, Mg2 +, Cl-, SO42-, HCO3- and NO3- in the salt of the greenhouse with different age were significantly higher than that of the adjacent soil in 0-20 cm soil layer With the increase of the shelf life, K +, Ca2 +, NO3- and SO42- are the most obvious, which are the main ions that cause the salinization of soil surface in the greenhouse. The main cause of the soil salinization in the greenhouse is the extensive use of chemical fertilizers. In addition, improper management practices such as farming and irrigation also contribute to the soil salinization in the greenhouse.