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基于亲油-亲水平衡(HLB值)理论和微乳化原理,选择OP4/OP7复配的表面活性剂配置柴油、表面活性剂、水的质量比为15∶2∶1的微乳化柴油,研究该微乳化柴油在柴油机上的应用。在增压中冷型柴油机上进行微乳化柴油的性能台架试验,并与柴油进行对比分析。结果表明:与柴油相比,中小负荷时微乳化柴油的压力曲线和放热率曲线均向后移,燃烧始点滞后,燃油消耗率明显增加,而在大负荷时两者的上述参数较接近;由于水分强化燃烧,微乳化柴油燃烧持续期缩短、燃烧更加完全、放热更加集中;发动机燃用微乳化柴油的有效热效率在中高负荷时高于原柴油机,在低负荷时低于原柴油机。发动机燃用微乳化柴油时,NOx和烟度排放均降低,而CO和HC的排放量有不同程度的上升。微乳化柴油可直接用于增压中冷型发动机,但需调整中低负荷的标定参数。
Based on the theory of lipophilic-hydrophilic balance (HLB) and the principle of microemulsification, OP4 / OP7 surfactant was selected to prepare microemulsified diesel with the mass ratio of diesel, surfactant and water of 15: 2: 1 Application of the Microemulsified Diesel in Diesel Engine. In the supercharged cold-diesel engine on the performance of micro-emulsified diesel bench test, and comparative analysis with diesel. The results show that compared with diesel, the pressure curves and heat release rates of micro - emulsified diesel oil at mid - small load all shift backwards, the starting point of combustion lags behind and the fuel consumption rate obviously increases, while the above parameters are close at large load. Due to enhanced moisture combustion, the duration of the combustion of micro-emulsified diesel fuel is shortened, the combustion is more complete and the heat release is more concentrated. The effective thermal efficiency of micro-emulsified diesel engine is higher than that of the original diesel engine at medium-high load and lower than that of the original diesel engine at low load. Engine combustion with micro-emulsified diesel, NOx and smoke emissions are reduced, while the CO and HC emissions have varying degrees of increase. Microemulsified diesel can be directly used for turbocharged supercharged engine, but the need to adjust the calibration parameters of low load.