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针对盾构隧道块体间由于拼装咬合引起局部结构刚度分布不均匀,从而导致结构受力与变形不同于均质连续管状结构体的现象,采用自主研发的局部原型结构加载试验系统装置,分别选取盾构隧道管片衬砌结构中的原型单体管片与考虑前后环错缝拼装组合的原型管片衬砌局部构件进行加载试验,对比分析了其受力特征的差异,并探讨了不同轴压比、偏心距以及螺栓初始预紧力下管片结构受拼装效应的影响规律。研究结果表明:单体管片工况下,结构受两侧支座的影响较大,沿结构环向其内力、变形分布均极不均匀,沿幅宽方向,内力呈对称分布,中部大、两侧小,竖向位移基本保持不变;考虑前后环错缝拼装组合工况下,结构受两侧支座的影响较小,沿结构环向,其内力、变形对称分布,较单体管片更为均匀,沿幅宽方向,内力、变形的变化规律与单体管片基本一致;偏心距对结构弯矩的影响大于轴力,不同偏心距下,轴力调整系数α在-0.04~0.02之间,弯矩调整系数β在0.17~48之间;螺栓初始预紧力仅对构件纵缝截面的轴力影响较大,对α和β的影响较小;拼装效应能显著降低结构受两侧支座的影响,对管片的受力变形起到较为明显的传递和重分配作用,使其对称均匀化。
Aiming at the phenomenon that the stiffness distribution of local structure caused by assembly bite is not uniform, the stress and deformation of the structure are different from that of the homogeneous continuous tubular structure. The local prototype structure loaded with self-developed test system is selected, In the shield tunnel segment, the prototypical monolithic segments in the tunnel lining structure were compared with those in the prototype segment with considering the combination of the front and rear loops. The difference of the stress characteristics was analyzed and compared. Ratio, eccentricity and the initial preload force of the bolt under the influence of the assembly structure effect. The results show that the structure is greatly affected by the support on both sides of the structure, and the internal forces and deformation distribution are not uniform along the structure ring. The internal forces are symmetrical along the width direction, Both sides of the small, vertical displacement remained unchanged; considering the ring before and after the wrong ring assembly combination conditions, the structure by the impact of the support on both sides of the smaller, along the structure of the ring, its internal force and deformation symmetrical distribution, The effect of eccentricity on the bending moment of the structure is greater than that of the axial force. Under different eccentric distances, the axial force adjustment coefficient α is between -0.04 ~ 0.02, and the bending moment adjustment coefficient β is between 0.17 and 48. The bolt pre-tightening force only has a great influence on the axial force of the longitudinal section of the component, but has little effect on the α and β. The assembling effect can significantly reduce the structure damage Both sides of the impact of the support, the force of deformation of the plate played a more significant role in the transfer and redistribution, making it symmetrical uniform.