海洋石油工业是从事海上石油、天然气勘探、开发的生产单位,其海上作业人员的劳动环境、劳动时间、劳动强度、职业危害因素、饮食结构和规律与其他陆地作业人员有很大不同。工人长期处于船、平台的海上环境,工作和生活的空间小、设备多、作业密集、接触有害因素种类繁多、且经常受恶劣天气的侵袭,很容易对工人健康产生严重影响,甚至罹患职业病。另外,海上工人特殊的倒班制度、单调刻板的的工作和生活、缺乏娱乐,再加上工作风险大,使得绝大多数海上工人都不同程度出现抑郁和焦虑等心理问题,进而导致工人的工作效率大大降低,甚至会造成海上安全事故的发生。因此海上作业人员这一特殊群体的身心健康状况应该受到人们的特殊关注。本文就海上作业人员身体健康状况进行了分析和综述,以期为今后海上石油作业人员的职业健康防护提供参考。 Offshore oil industry is a production unit engaged in the exploration and development of offshore oil and natural gas. The working environment, working time, labor intensity, occupational hazards, diet structure and laws of its offshore workers are quite different from those of other land-based workers. Long-term exposure to the marine environment and the lack of space for work and life of workers and their working platforms means that workers are exposed to a wide range of equipment and work-related hazards. They are often exposed to adverse weather and are likely to have a serious impact on workers’ health and occupational diseases. In addition, the special work shift system of sea workers, the monotonous work and life, the lack of entertainment and the large work risk make the vast majority of sea workers experience psychological problems such as depression and anxiety in varying degrees, which in turn leads to workers’ work efficiency Greatly reduced, and may even cause marine safety accidents. Therefore, the physical and mental health of this special group of marine operators deserves special attention. This article analyzes and summarizes the health status of the seafarers in order to provide references for the future occupational health protection of the seafarers.