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[目的]揭示平欧杂种榛主栽品种的需冷量和需热量,更好地指导生产做好区域化栽培。[方法]本研究以16个平欧杂种榛主栽品种的1年生枝条为试材,以野生平榛1年生枝条为对照,通过水培观察的方法,首次对平欧杂种榛的雌、雄花序和叶芽进行需冷量和需热量研究。[结果]表明:平欧杂种榛不同器官的需冷量由低到高依次为雄花序336 1 176 h、雌花序504 1 344 h、叶芽672 1 512 h;需热量由低到高依次为雄花序687.0 998.5GDH℃、雌花序998.5 3 496.1 GDH℃、叶芽2 546.5 4 180.3 GDH℃;不同品种、器官在刚满足最低蓄冷要求时需热量最高,随着蓄冷时间的延长,需热量逐渐减少。[结论]首次报道了平欧杂种榛主栽品种雄、雌花序和叶芽的需冷量和需热量数据,其中,达维、平欧48号等品种花器官需冷量较低,辽榛2号、平欧545号等品种花器官需冷量较高;玉坠、平欧69号等品种花器官需热量较低,辽榛1号、辽榛4号等品种花器官需热量较高,上述研究丰富了榛属植物开花和休眠解除方面的数据,可为平欧杂种榛的引种和栽培提供参考。
[Objective] The research aimed to reveal the cold requirement and caloric requirement of main cultivars of Pinus hybrids and to better guide the production of regional cultivation. [Method] With 1-year-old branches of 16 cultivars of Pinus hybrids as test materials and 1-year-old branches of wild hazelnut as control, Order and leaf buds to be cold and heat required. [Result] The results showed that the cold tolerance of different organs of Pinus hybrids from low to high were 336 1 176 h in male inflorescence, 504 1 344 h in female inflorescence and 672 1 512 h in leaf bud; Sequence 687.0 998.5GDH ℃, Female inflorescence 998.5 3 496.1 GDH ℃, Leaf buds 2 546.5 4 180.3 GDH ℃. The heat requirement of different varieties and organs was the highest when the minimum storage requirement was met. With the extension of storage cooling time, the caloric requirement decreased gradually. [Conclusion] The data of cold storage and caloric requirement of male and female inflorescences and leaf buds of Hazel cultivars were reported for the first time. Among them, No. 545 and other types of flat flowers require higher cooling capacity; jade pendant, Pingou 69 and other varieties of flower organs require less calories, Liaozhen 1, Liaozhen 4 and other varieties of flowers require higher calorie, The above research enriches the data about the flowering and dormancy release of the hazel genus, which can provide references for the introduction and cultivation of the hazelnut.