目的评价125I粒子植入联合动脉化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的疗效。方法根据是否接受125I粒子植入治疗为分组标准,将2008年9月至2013年9月间在我科治疗的30例晚期NSCLC患者分为研究组和对照组。研究组为15例在接受动脉化疗治疗期间同时自愿接受肿瘤内125I粒子植入者,术前及术后第3个月为评价时点行胸部CT增强扫描。对照组15例只接受动脉化疗,每疗程开始复查胸部CT增强扫描。以实体肿瘤评价RECIST标准评价125I粒子治疗疗效,并观察KPS评分变化。结果研究组在粒子植入后3个月复查增强CT,完全缓解(CR)1例,部分缓解(PR)11例,病变稳定(SD)3例,病变进展(PD)无,总缓解率80.00%(12/15),总有效率100%(15/15),KPS评分平均提高11.3分,疼痛评分平均下降2.9分。对照组CR无,PR 6例,SD 4例,PD 5例,总缓解率40.00%(6/15)、总有效率66.67%(10/15),研究组疗效优于对照组(P<0.05),KPS评分平均提高5.3分,疼痛评分平均下降1.0分。结论 125I粒子植入联合动脉化疗治疗晚期NSCLC能安全、有效地改善临床症状,提高生活质量,为晚期NSCLC治疗提供一种安全、可行和微创的治疗手段。 Objective To evaluate the efficacy of 125I seed implantation combined with arterial chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Thirty patients with advanced NSCLC who were treated in our department between September 2008 and September 2013 were divided into study group and control group according to whether they received 125I seed implantation or not. In the study group, 15 patients received voluntary 125I seed implantation while receiving arterial chemotherapy. Before and 3 months after surgery, chest CT scanning was performed. In the control group, only 15 patients received arterial chemotherapy, and chest CT scans were repeated at each treatment course. The therapeutic effect of 125I particles was evaluated by RECIST criteria for solid tumor evaluation, and changes in KPS scores were observed. Results The study group underwent enhanced CT 3 months after the implantation of the particles. There were 1 case of complete remission (CR), 11 cases of partial remission (PR), 3 cases of stable disease (SD), and no disease progression (PD). The total remission rate was 80.00. % (12/15), the total effective rate was 100% (15/15), the KPS score increased by an average of 11.3 points, and the pain score decreased by an average of 2.9 points. There was no CR in the control group, 6 cases of PR, 4 cases of SD, and 5 cases of PD. The total remission rate was 40.00% (6/15) and the total effective rate was 66.67% (10/15). The efficacy of the study group was better than that of the control group (P<0.05). ), KPS scores increased by an average of 5.3 points, and pain scores decreased by an average of 1.0 points. Conclusion 125I seed implantation combined with arterial chemotherapy for advanced NSCLC can safely and effectively improve the clinical symptoms and improve the quality of life. It provides a safe, feasible and minimally invasive treatment for advanced NSCLC.