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在干旱、半干旱区,地下水在维护生态可持续发展方面起着重要作用。地统计作为一种决策和管理工具已被许多学者应用于地下水的时空变异性研究。以黑河中游的张掖绿洲为例,运用地统计与GIS相结合的方法研究了地下水埋深的空间变异特征,绘制了各期地下水空间分布图。结果表明,主要受不同尺度的结构性因素的影响,地下水埋深具有强烈的空间相关性,变异函数为各向异性结构。对Kriging插值结果表明,张掖绿洲地下水埋深整体上从西南到东北逐渐变浅,且呈普遍下降趋势。
In arid and semi-arid regions, groundwater plays an important role in safeguarding ecological and sustainable development. As a decision-making and management tool, geostatistics has been applied by many scholars to study the spatio-temporal variability of groundwater. Taking the Zhangye oasis in the middle reaches of Heihe River as an example, the spatial variability of groundwater depth was studied by the combination of geostatistics and GIS, and the spatial distribution maps of groundwater were drawn. The results show that the groundwater depth has a strong spatial correlation mainly due to the structural factors of different scales and the variation function is anisotropic. Kriging interpolation results show that the overall depth of groundwater in Zhangye oasis gradually decreases from southwest to northeast, and shows a general downward trend.