党的十二大以后,我国的改革开放全面展开,经济体制改革的重点逐步由农村转入城市,各项改革措施陆续出台,各行各业都投入到改革大潮之中。1984年党的十二届三中全会及时地制定了进行经济体制全面改革的纲领。这一纲领的制定,是形势发展的需要,也是改革进程的必然要求。农村改革取得突破后,迫切需要城市改革迅速跟上。从1978年末开始的农村改革,到1984年上半年,已经取得了巨大成就。农业生产连年丰收,农村经济 Since the 12th National Congress of the CPC, China’s reform and opening up has been carried out in an all-round way. The focus of economic restructuring has gradually shifted from rural areas to cities. Various reform measures have been put in place and all walks of life are devoted to the tide of reform. In 1984, the Third Plenary Session of the Twelfth Central Committee of the Party formulated in a timely manner a program for carrying out an all-round reform of the economic structure. The formulation of this program needs the development of the situation as well as the inevitable requirement of the reform process. After a breakthrough has been made in rural reform, there is an urgent need for rapid urban reform. The rural reform that started in late 1978 has made great achievements by the first half of 1984. Year after year harvest of agricultural production, rural economy