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人类的消化系统中存在着一种胃肠胰岛轴。进食时,小肠上段受到营养物质的刺激,其下段的细胞会分泌若干种能促进胰岛素分泌的激素,即肠促胰岛素。第一种被分离的肠促胰岛素是肠抑胃肽(GIP),它显示出了较好的肠促胰岛素作用。1983年Bell等鉴定出了第二种,即胰升血糖素样肽1(GLP-1)。GLP-1是由胰升血糖素原基因翻译后经特异性剪切生成的,主要在十二指肠、回肠和结肠的郎格尔汉斯细胞(L细胞)内合成。GLP-1由36个氨基酸组成,其活性
There is a gastrointestinal islet axis in human digestive system. When eating, the upper intestine is stimulated by nutrients, and the lower cells secrete several hormones that promote insulin secretion, namely incretin. The first isolated incretin is intestinal gastrin (GIP), which shows a good incretin effect. Bell et al. In 1983 identified the second, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). GLP-1 is specifically cleaved by the translation of the glucagon gene and is synthesized mainly in Langerhans cells (L cells) of the duodenum, ileum and colon. GLP-1 consists of 36 amino acids, its activity