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文化因素是翻译中一个难以忽略的障碍。为了克服这个障碍主要有归化和异化两种手法。本文以《老残游记》中的名篇《明湖居听书》为例,分析几种不同类型的文化障碍和应对策略。异化能更好地保留中文的语言特点,有利于西方读者拓宽视野,吸收新鲜文化成分,同时也有助于中华文化对外传播;归化则便于英文读者理解,快速赢得他们的认同。二者互为补充,一味地推崇异化或者归化都不利于文化交流。
Cultural factors are an insurmountable obstacle in translation. In order to overcome this obstacle, there are mainly two ways of domestication and foreignization. Taking “Minghu Ju Ting Shu” as an example in the Travels of Lao Tsai, this article analyzes several different types of cultural barriers and coping strategies. Alienation can better preserve the linguistic features of Chinese and help Western readers to broaden their horizons and absorb fresh cultural elements. At the same time, alienation helps to spread Chinese culture. Domestication is easy for English readers to understand and quickly gain their approval. The two complement each other, blindly advocating alienation or naturalization are not conducive to cultural exchanges.