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政府对于中低收入群体的住房补贴是一项重要的社会福利再分配政策。住房补贴的方式包括供方补贴和需方补贴两大类,两类方式适用性各不相同。在住房供给短缺时,供方补贴效果显著,在供需稳定时期,需方补贴的可操作性和可持续性则优于供方补贴。发达国家和发展中国家经过多年实践分别制定了包括多种策略在内的补贴模式。我国主要通过供方补贴方式提供各种类型的保障性住房,在具体的建设和分配环节中还存在一些问题。研究并比较相关发达国家和发展中国家的经验,对于完善我国的住房补贴政策具有重要意义。
Government subsidies for housing for low-income groups are an important social welfare redistribution policy. Housing subsidies, including subsidies and demand-side subsidies are two major categories, two types of applicability varies. In the short supply of housing, the subsidy effect of the supplier is remarkable. In the stable supply and demand period, the operability and sustainability of the demand-side subsidy are better than that of the supplier. After years of practice, developed countries and developing countries have formulated various subsidy modes including various strategies. In our country, various types of affordable housing are mainly provided through subsidies of the suppliers. There are still some problems in the concrete construction and distribution. Studying and comparing the experiences of the developed and developing countries concerned is of great significance to the improvement of China’s housing subsidy policy.