目的探讨乳腺磁共振简易序列(BMRI-AP)筛选乳腺癌的临床可行性。方法收集2010年5月至2014年12月北京大学人民医院214例经钼靶或超声怀疑乳腺单发结节的女性病人行BMRI检查。以术后病理学检查为金标准,比较BMRI-AP和全扫描序列(BMRI-FDP)筛选乳腺癌的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值及阴性预测值。结果 BMRI-AP及BMRI-FDP检查及阅读时间分别为5 min,45s及25min,1200s,均检出全部119例乳腺癌。BMRI-AP诊断乳腺癌敏感度(97.5%)及阴性预测值(95.9%)高于BMRI-FDPF(95.8%和94.0%),但差异无统计学意义(P=0.72和P=0.72)。尽管BMRI-AP诊断乳腺癌特异度(73.7%)和阳性预测值(82.3%)低于BMRI-FDP(82.1%和87.0%),但同样差异无统计学意义(P=0.22和P=0.32)。结论 BMRI-AP与BMRI-FDP相比,诊断乳腺癌的敏感度及特异度相似,但检查和阅片时间却显著缩短。BMRI-AP是临床可行筛选乳腺癌的影像学方法。 Objective To investigate the clinical feasibility of using Breast Magnetic Resonance Simple Sequence (BMRI-AP) screening of breast cancer. Methods A total of 214 female patients with suspected single breast nodules by mammography or ultrasound were collected from May 2010 to December 2014 in Peking University People's Hospital for BMRI. The postoperative pathological examination was taken as the gold standard. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of BMRI-AP and BMRI-FDP in screening breast cancer were compared. Results The BMRI-AP and BMRI-FDP examination and reading time were 5 min, 45 s and 25 min, 1200 s, all detected 119 cases of breast cancer. The sensitivity and specificity of BMRI-AP in the diagnosis of breast cancer were 97.5% and 95.9%, respectively, higher than those of BMRI-FDPF (95.8% and 94.0%). However, the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.72 and P = 0.72). Although BMRI-AP was associated with lower breast cancer specificity (73.7%) and positive predictive value (82.3%) than BMRI-FDP (82.1% and 87.0%), the same difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.22 and P = 0.32) . Conclusion The sensitivity and specificity of BMRI-AP in diagnosis of breast cancer are similar to those of BMRI-FDP, but the examination and reading time are significantly shortened. BMRI-AP is a clinically feasible imaging method for breast cancer screening.