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目前环形刀具的刀位算法均未考虑圆刀片安装时存在的俯仰角和偏转角,因而在理论上存在较大的编程误差。针对实际使用刀具为非圆截面环形刀具的情况,通过对环形刀具的截面曲线进行分析,提出了一种基于经线划分的非圆截面环形刀具刀位优化算法。首先利用经线法求解出刀具表面和工件曲面之间的误差分布,然后根据此误差分布来调整刀具位置和姿态,使刀具表面与设计曲面在不发生干涉的情况下实现密切接触,从而得到刀具在指定定位点处的最优刀位。仿真结果表明,传统的五坐标刀位算法会产生较大的加工误差,而本文提出的算法消除了圆刀片安装时存在的俯仰角和偏转角所引起的加工误差,可有效提高复杂曲面的加工精度并获得满足给定编程公差的优化刀位。
At present, the cutter position algorithm of the circular cutter does not consider the pitch angle and the deflection angle existing when the circular cutter is installed, so that there is a large programming error in theory. Aiming at the circumstance that the actual cutter is a non-circular cutter, the cutter’s cross-sectional curve of the cutter is analyzed. Firstly, the error distribution between the tool surface and the workpiece surface is solved by warp method, and then the position and attitude of the tool are adjusted according to the error distribution so that the tool surface and the design surface can be brought into close contact without interference, Designate the best position at the positioning point. The simulation results show that the traditional five-coordinate tool location algorithm will produce larger machining errors, and the algorithm proposed in this paper eliminates the machining errors caused by the pitch angle and deflection angle during the installation of the circular blade, which can effectively improve the machining of complex surfaces Accuracy and get the optimal position to meet the given programming tolerances.