从森林经营角度看,林地是林业生产的物质基础,林木是林业生产的生物对象,二者的相宜组合是成功经营森林的基本条件。 从林业经济角度看,林地和林木是资产构成的两个部分,二者的最佳搭配,才能充分发挥生产潜力,从而才可能获得最大利润—最大生长量。因此,森林经营的关键要素是土地和林木。一般说来,原始森林是经过长期自然选择形成较稳定或相对稳定的森林植物群落。也是土地条件、树种特性和气候等因素的一种优化组合,是一种最大或接近最大生产力的自然体现。然而,现实我国北方林区,因长期经营利用活动和各种自然及人为灾害等因素的影响,部分林区出现树种结构和林木结构不合理,目的树种不占优势地位的低产林。因此无法充分发挥土地生产潜 From the perspective of forest management, woodland is the material basis for forestry production. Forest trees are the biological objects of forestry production. The combination of the two is the basic condition for the successful management of forests. From the point of view of forestry economy, forestland and forest are the two parts of the asset composition. The best combination of the two can give full play to the potential of production so that the maximum profit, the maximum growth, can be obtained. Therefore, the key elements of forest management are land and trees. In general, virgin forests are more stable or relatively stable forest plant communities after long-term natural selection. It is also an optimal combination of land conditions, species characteristics and climate and other factors, is a natural expression of maximum or near maximum productivity. However, the reality is that the forest area in the north of China has some low-yield forests with undeveloped tree species and unreasonable tree species due to the long-term management and utilization activities and various natural and man-made disasters. So can not give full play to the potential of land production