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为了提高光笔式三坐标视觉测量的正确性和有效性,对其多点透视模型进行了研究。以经典的“N点透视问题”理论为依据,将世界坐标系的原点巧妙地构建在光笔笔尖处,使坐标测量变为传统的摄像机外部参数标定问题,采用坐标变换方法,建立了光笔式三坐标视觉测量系统的多点透视数学模型,得出光笔上点光源的个数应大于等于3。结合光笔参数的自标定,采用十点透视模型,开发出光笔式三坐标视觉测量实验系统,在三坐标测量机上进行了比对测量实验。比对测量结果表明:在300mm测量范围内,实验测量系统和三坐标测量机在x、y、z轴方向上的测量数据最大差值分别为0.13、0.14和0.2mm。
In order to improve the correctness and validity of light pen CMM, multi-point perspective model was studied. Based on the classical “N-point perspective” theory, the origin of the world coordinate system is skillfully constructed at the tip of the light pen, so that the coordinate measurement becomes the traditional calibration problem of the external parameters of the camera. The coordinate transformation method is used to establish the light pen Type coordinate measuring system of multi-point perspective mathematical model, draw the light pen on the number of points should be greater than or equal to 3. Combined with the self-calibration of the light pen parameters, a ten-point perspective model was developed to develop the optical pen three-coordinate vision measurement experiment system and the comparison experiment was carried out on the CMM. The comparison results show that the maximum difference of measured data in the x, y, z axes between the experimental measurement system and the CMM is 0.13, 0.14 and 0.2 mm respectively in the measuring range of 300mm.