最近研究证实,胆囊内胆汁的胆固醇单水结晶(CC)和/或胆红素钙颗粒(BG)与胆石症有关。CC的存在与胆固醇结石有关,BG则表示有色素(?)结石。但大多数研究用的胆汁取自手术切除的胆囊,或注射胆囊收缩素使胆囊排空后经过十二指肠插管取得。本文旨在评价ERCP时直接从胆管采集胆汁样本作显微镜检查在诊断胆石症,特别是微小结石患者中的价值。材料和方法:72例胆石症患者分为两组:第一组为 Recent studies confirm that gallbladder cholesterol monohydrate crystals (CC) and / or bilirubin calcium granules (BG) are associated with cholelithiasis. The presence of CC is associated with cholesterol stones, whereas BG indicates pigment (?) Stones. However, most of the studies used bile taken from surgically excised gallbladder, or injected cholecystokinin to empty the gallbladder after duodenal intubation. This article aims to assess the value of ERCP when collecting bile samples directly from the bile duct for microscopic examination in the diagnosis of cholelithiasis, especially in patients with microlithiasis. Materials and Methods: 72 patients with cholelithiasis were divided into two groups: the first group was