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采用拮抗菌发酵液、皿内竞争及紫外线照射菌株代谢产物等方法,研究了36株生防菌对辣椒疫病、西瓜枯萎病、棉花枯萎病及黄瓜枯萎病4种病原真菌的拮抗作用。结果表明:(1)4种病原真菌在含有不同拮抗菌发酵液的平板上生长时,均受到不同程度的抑制,说明供试拮抗菌对4种病原真菌具有拮抗作用。36株供试拮抗菌对辣椒疫霉、西瓜枯萎菌、黄瓜枯萎菌和棉花枯萎菌有抑制效果的菌株数分别为30(占83.3%),27(占75%),24(占66.7%)和26(占72.2%)株。(2)36株供试拮抗菌中,与辣椒疫霉、黄瓜枯萎菌、棉花枯萎菌及西瓜枯萎菌具有竞争抑制作用的拮抗菌分别有19(52.7%),10(27.8%),6(16.8%)和11(30.6%)株。(3)菌株95W06,64G12,87W14,63G06,03GY022,31-4G02,28G14及10G27对辣椒疫霉菌具有抑制作用,其代谢产物经紫外线照射后,均失去对辣椒疫霉的抑制作用,表明此8株拮抗菌的代谢产物活性成分不稳定。(4)利用拮抗菌与病原菌的竞争抑制试验,可以从大量拮抗性菌株中快速筛选出有实际防效的生防菌。
Antagonistic bacteria fermentation broth, competition in the dish and the metabolites of UV-irradiated strains were used to study the antagonistic effects of 36 biocontrol agents against four fungal pathogens, pepper blight, watermelon wilt, cotton blight and cucumber wilt. The results showed that: (1) The four kinds of pathogenic fungi were inhibited to different degrees when they were grown on plates containing different antagonistic bacterium fermentation broth, which indicated that antagonistic fungi had antagonistic effects on the four pathogenic fungi. The number of strains with antagonistic activity of 36 antagonistic fungi against P. capsici, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium oxysporum were 30 (83.3%), 27 (75%) and 24 (66.7% And 26 (72.2%) strains. (2) Among the 36 tested antagonistic bacteria, antagonistic bacteria with competitive inhibition of Phytophthora capsici, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium oxysporum were 19 (52.7%), 10 (27.8%), 6 16.8%) and 11 (30.6%) strains. (3) The strains 95W06, 64G12, 87W14, 63G06, 03GY022, 31-4G02, 28G14 and 10G27 had inhibitory effects on Phytophthora capsici, and their metabolites lost the inhibitory effect on Phytophthora capsici after UV irradiation. Strain antagonistic metabolites of the active ingredient is not stable. (4) The use of antagonistic bacteria and pathogenic bacteria competitive inhibition test, a large number of antagonistic strains can be quickly screened out the actual control of biocontrol bacteria.