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为评估信号交叉口行人专用相位实施的效果,探讨路口实施行人专用信号的可行性,兼顾路口交通安全与效益指标,建立安全效益评价方法。首先分析车流与行人交叉口发生冲突的机理,引入行人间距的概念,定义行人的列冲突当量及行冲突当量,建立交叉口人车期望潜在冲突模型;并依据事故损失来计算单位车流、行人停车延误时间成本和个人平均生命价值,估算单位人车期望冲突量成本,最终建立路口整体安全效益评价方法。结果表明:车道流量、路口行人流量及车流右转比是影响路口实施行人专用相位的效益的显著因素;人车冲突成本、行人停等延误成本及车流停车延误成本是评估路口实施行人专用相位的效益的主要衡量指标。实例表明,应在行人流量较高或车流右转比较大的路口实施行人专用相位。
To evaluate the effect of pedestrian-only phase at signalized intersections, the feasibility of implementing pedestrian signals at intersections is discussed, and traffic safety and benefit indicators at intersections are taken into account to establish a safety benefit evaluation method. First, the paper analyzes the mechanism of conflict between traffic flow and pedestrian intersection, introduces the concept of pedestrian distance, defines the pedestrian collision equivalence and conflict equivalence, and establishes the potential conflict model of intersection pedestrian expectation. Based on accident loss, Delay time cost and individual average life value, estimate the expected collision cost per unit of car and vehicle, and ultimately establish the intersection of the overall evaluation of safety and benefits. The results show that lane traffic, pedestrian traffic at the intersection and traffic right turn ratio are significant factors that affect the pedestrian-only phase benefit at the intersection; the cost of collision between pedestrians and vehicles, delay costs of pedestrian stops, The main measure of effectiveness. The examples show that the pedestrian-only phase should be implemented at the intersection with higher pedestrian flow or right-turn traffic.