1038年李元昊赫然称帝立国,西夏成为塞北三朝之一以降,王统帝系延续,其名号多有更异,许多名号本义至今仍未得到可以据信的阐释,无论是党项羌人的自称和他称、西夏国名和帝号的名义、西夏帝国内部各族群和部落名称的准确含义和所指都依旧需要作深入的探讨。本文谨以党项羌人的自称“弭药”为例,考求其语源及内涵和外延伸缩置换的历程,兼及有关历史文化背景。一弭药(Mi-nyag)源流关于“弭药”这一族群名称,最早始见于《旧唐书·党项传》,云:“其后吐蕃强盛,拓拔氏渐 In 1038, Li Yuanhao impressively called the kingdom of the country, and Xixia became one of the three northern Saigon countries. The reign of Emperor Wang Tongdian continued with a change of name. There are still many famous interpretations that no one can believe in, Claiming to him and said that in the name of the name of Xixia and the emperor's name, the exact meanings and references to the names of all ethnic groups and tribes within the Western Xia Empire still need to be explored in depth. This article, based on the self-proclaimed ”dang medicine“ of Qiang people, tries to find out its source, connotation and extension of the extension and contraction, as well as the historical and cultural background. Mi-nyag origins About the name of the ethnic group ”medicine“, first appeared in the ”Old Tang Dynasty · Biography of the Party“, saying: ”Then Tubo strong, Tuo pull the gradual