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基于到达时间估计(TOA)的脉冲超宽带(IR-UWB)测距理论上可达到厘米级的精度。当无法估计接收信噪比时,基于门限的TOA估计精度受到门限设置的限制。本文提出了一种基于能量跳跃函数(FEL)的最大能量跳跃(MEL)TOA估计算法。该算法将最大径之前一段时间内FEL取值最大的时刻作为TOA的估计,估计过程中不需要设置门限。本文通过仿真分别在CM1和CM2信道模型中比较了MEL和几种常用算法的绝对平均误差(MAE)。仿真结果表明,在多径信道环境尤其是非视距(NLOS)环境中,MEL算法的估计精度比门限比较(TC)算法和最大值回推(MES-SB)算法有较大的提高,而且接收信噪比越高MEL算法的优势越明显,在信噪比高于12dB时估计精度提高约3至4纳秒。
Pulsed ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) ranging based on arrival time estimation (TOA) theoretically achieves centimeter-level accuracy. When it is not possible to estimate the received signal-to-noise ratio, the threshold-based TOA estimation accuracy is limited by the threshold setting. In this paper, a maximum energy hopping (TOE) estimation algorithm based on energy hopping function (FEL) is proposed. The algorithm takes the moment with the largest FEL value within a period of time before the maximum path as the TOA estimation, and does not need to set a threshold in the estimation process. In this paper, we compare the mean absolute error (MAE) between MEL and several commonly used algorithms in the CM1 and CM2 channel models respectively. The simulation results show that the estimation accuracy of MEL algorithm is greatly improved compared with the threshold comparison (TC) algorithm and the maximum-value push-back (MES-SB) algorithm in multipath channel environment, especially NLOS environment, The higher the signal-to-noise ratio, the more pronounced the advantage of the MEL algorithm is and the higher estimation accuracy increases by about 3 to 4 nanoseconds at signal-to-noise ratios above 12 dB.