三、法國革命與美國 一七八九年法國大革命爆發。引起全部西方世界人民巨大的歡呼。法国革命和美國革命是有血緣关系的,美國人民對法國革命的熱烈歡迎是可想而知的。國際法学家慕爾写道:‘從法国革命的號角声中,美国人民聽到了自己不朽宣言的回音。由波斯頓(Boston)到沙灣那(Savannah)到處表現着最生动的同情和热情’(注十七) 從一七八九到一七九一年美国輿論對法國革命是一致擁护的。一七九二年九月共和政體宣告成立,接着‘恐怖時代’的來臨,美国的保守派便發生動搖了。一七九三年二月一日法国對英宣戰。保守份子更大声疾呼地主張‘維持法律、秩序、宗教、和道德’了。这時美國的進步和反動勢力的分野就很清楚了。‘聯邦主義者’一派代表親英的保守思想,‘共和黨’代表親法的 Third, the French revolution and the United States 1789 French Revolution broke out. Aroused the great cheers of all the people in the western world. The French Revolution and the American Revolution are related by blood. It is conceivable that the American people will warmly welcome the French revolution. International jurist Muir wrote: ’From the horns of the French revolution, the American people have heard the echo of their immortal declaration. From Boston to Savannah Showing Most Vivid Sympathy and Enthusiasm ’(Note 17) From 1789 to 1791, the American public gave unanimous support to the French revolution. When the republican government was proclaimed in September 1792, and then the ’terror era’ came, the conservatives in the United States were shaken. February 1, 1979 France declared war on Britain. Conservatives even more vocal advocates of ’maintaining law, order, religion, and morality’. At this time, the difference between the progress of the United States and the reactionary forces is clear. The “federalist” group represents the conservative thinking of pro-British and the “Republican Party” represents the pro-French