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在一粒小麦与葡萄牙野燕麦远缘杂交后代中,选育了5个形态学稳定的抗条锈病衍生系(‘一粒葡’)YLP-1、YLP-7、YLP-9、YLP-13和YLP-16,为筛选含有外源染色体且抗性优良的植株,对该衍生系的细胞学特征和抗病性进行了鉴定。细胞学初步鉴定表明:根尖染色体数目均为2n=42,花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ染色体构型为2n=21Ⅱ;5个选系与‘中国春’杂交F1花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ的异常细胞构型率为16%～50%;初步鉴定这5个‘一粒葡’材料均为易位系,验证了‘一粒葡’是远缘杂交的后代。用9个条锈菌小种分别对9个株系进行苗期抗病性鉴定,有5个株系YLP-1-4、YLP-7、YLP-9-1、YLP-9-3、YLP-16-1对所有参试小种都表现为高抗,且与已知的Yr5、Yr10、Yr15、Yr24/Yr26基因不同,表明‘一粒葡’中可能含有新的抗病基因,可作为抗源用于小麦抗病育种。
Five morphologically stable derivatives of stripe rust resistance (YLP-1, YLP-7, YLP-9, YLP-13) were bred in a distant hybridization between wheat and wild oats in Portugal And YLP-16, in order to screen plants with exogenous chromosomes and good resistance, the cytological characteristics and disease resistance of the derived lines were identified. The preliminary identification of cytology showed that the number of chromosomes in root tips were 2n = 42, and the chromosome I configuration of metaphase Ⅰ in meiosis of pollen mother cells was 2n = 21Ⅱ. The metaphase of meiosis of F1 pollen mother cells in 5 lines and ’Chinese Spring’ The abnormal cell configuration rate of Ⅰ was 16% ~ 50%. The preliminary identification of these 5 ’a-grape’ materials were both translocations and verified that ’a-grape’ was the distant hybridization progeny. 9 strains were identified as seedling disease resistance by 9 stripe rust races. Five strains of YLP-1-4, YLP-7, YLP-9-1, YLP-9-3 and YLP -16-1 showed high resistance to all tested races and differed from the known Yr5, Yr10, Yr15 and Yr24 / Yr26 genes, suggesting that ’one grain of Portugal’ may contain new resistance genes that may serve as Resistance source for wheat disease-resistant breeding.