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采用透射电镜、膨胀仪和显微硬度测定等方法对含稀土和不含稀土的Si-Mn-V低碳钢马氏体自回火和低温回火分解过程进行了研究。结果表明,Si-Mn-V钢低碳马氏体自回火析出的碳化物既有ε-碳化物,又有θ-Fe_3C相,二者可以同时并存。而钢中含有少量稀土元素可以抑制低碳马氏体自回火碳化物的析出,影响自回火碳化物的析出类型。透射电镜原位动态观察还表明,稀土元素抑制了低碳马氏体在低温回火阶段的分解。
The martensite self-tempering and low-temperature tempering decomposition processes of Si-Mn-V mild steel containing rare earth and non-rare earth were investigated by transmission electron microscope, dilatometer and microhardness measurement. The results show that carbides produced by self-tempering of low-carbon martensite in Si-Mn-V steel have both ε-carbides and θ-Fe_3C phases, both of which can co-exist at the same time. The steel contains a small amount of rare earth elements can inhibit the low-carbon martensite carbide self-tempering, affecting the type of self-tempering carbide precipitation. Transmission electron microscopy in situ dynamic observation also showed that rare earth elements inhibit the decomposition of low-carbon martensite in the low temperature tempering stage.