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为探讨垂柳(Salix babylonica)对苯酚污染物的耐受程度及其应用于苯酚污染环境修复的可行性,了解苯酚胁迫对垂柳光合作用生理过程的影响与限制机理,采用水培模拟胁迫实验方法,在5种苯酚溶液浓度(50、100、200、400和800mg·L–1)下,测定垂柳植株叶片光合气体交换及叶绿素荧光参数。结果表明,苯酚对垂柳光合作用具有显著的抑制作用,表现为叶片净光合速率(Pn)、最大光合速率(Pnmax)、光合量子效率(Φ)、PSII最大和实际光化学效率(Fv/Fm和ФPSII)等均明显下降。苯酚胁迫浓度越高,对垂柳光合作用的抑制程度越大;苯酚胁迫限制光合作用主要由非气孔因素引起。将垂柳用于苯酚污染的水体环境修复时,苯酚浓度应在200 mg·L–1以下,否则垂柳的光合作用效能会明显降低。垂柳光合作用生理活性耐受苯酚胁迫的极限浓度还需进一步实验研究。
In order to explore the tolerance of Salix babylonica to phenol pollutants and the feasibility of applying this technology to the environmental remediation of phenol-contaminated soils, this paper studied the effects of phenol stress on the photosynthetic physiological processes of weeping willows and their limiting mechanisms. The leaf photosynthetic gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of weeping willow plants were determined at five phenol concentrations (50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg · L-1). The results showed that phenol had a significant inhibitory effect on the photosynthesis of weeping willows and showed the highest photosynthetic rate (Pn), maximum photosynthetic rate (Pnmax), photosynthetic quantum yield (Φ), PSII maximum and actual photochemical efficiency (Fv / Fm and ФPSII ) Were significantly decreased. The higher the phenol stress concentration, the greater the inhibition to the photosynthesis of weeping willows; the phenolic stress limiting photosynthesis was mainly caused by non-stomatal factors. When the weeping willows are used for water environment remediation of phenol pollution, the concentration of phenol should be below 200 mg · L-1, otherwise the photosynthesis efficiency of weeping willows will decrease obviously. Weeping willow photosynthesis physiological activity tolerance to phenol stress limit concentration needs further experimental study.