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目的研究浙南地区呼吸道感染儿童的流行病学情况。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测温州医科大学附属儿童医院上、下呼吸道感染的7 716例患儿,进行3种非典型呼吸道病原体的检测分析,具体为肺炎支原体(MP),肺炎衣原体(CP),嗜肺军团菌(LP)。结果 7 716例呼吸道感染患儿中存在的病原体抗体分别是肺炎支原体抗体3 545例(45.94%)、肺炎衣原体抗体1 545例(20.02%)、嗜肺军团菌抗体612例(7.93%)。肺炎三联总阳性率为73.89%,男性阳性率为74.57%(3 472/4 656),女性阳性率为72.88%(2 230/3 060),两者阳性比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=64.07,P<0.01)。结论肺炎支原体、肺炎衣原体、嗜肺军团菌是浙南地区儿童非典型病原体感染的主要病原体,其中混合感染以肺炎支原体和肺炎衣原体感染为主,其分布特点具有年龄差异,应高度重视、科学诊疗。
Objective To study the epidemiological status of children with respiratory tract infections in southern Zhejiang. Methods Seven hundred seventy-six children with upper respiratory tract infection and lower respiratory tract infection in Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection and analysis of three kinds of atypical respiratory pathogens, specifically Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP), Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP), Legionella pneumophila (LP). Results The pathogen antibodies of 7 716 children with respiratory tract infection were 3 545 cases (45.94%) of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, 1 545 cases (20.02%) of Chlamydia pneumoniae and 612 cases (6 cases) of Legionella pneumophila antibody (7.93%). The positive rate of triple pneumonia was 73.89%, the positive rate of male was 74.57% (3 472/4 656), the positive rate of female was 72.88% (2 230/3 060), the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 64.07 , P <0.01). Conclusions Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae and Legionella pneumophila are the main pathogens of atypical pathogen infection in children in southern Zhejiang Province. Among them, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae are the major infectious agents. Their distributional characteristics are age-specific and should be highly valued. .