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目的:对比观察跑台运动、全身垂直振动、金雀异黄酮和雌激素对去卵巢骨质疏松大鼠股骨和腰椎骨微结构的影响,为绝经后骨质疏松的防治提供理论参考依据。方法:将60只3月龄雌性SD大鼠按体重分层后随机分为假手术组(10只)和去卵巢组(50只)。去卵巢10周时,将去卵巢组大鼠按体重分层后又随机分为去卵巢组、跑台运动组、振动训练组、金雀异黄酮组和雌激素组,并开始进行不同的干预处理。干预处理8周时,腹主动脉取血处死各组大鼠,游离左股骨和第5腰椎,从每组随机取6只大鼠的左股骨和第5腰椎行micro-CT扫描及三维结构重建,选取股骨远端和第5腰椎椎体距生长板1 mm处,2.0mm×3.5 mm、厚0.9 mm的骨组织区域为感兴趣区域,进行骨形态计量学分析。结果:与去卵巢组比较,去卵巢大鼠经全身垂直振动和雌激素干预后,股骨体积骨密度(v BMD)、骨体积分数(BV/TV)和骨小梁数目(Tb.N)显著增加,骨小梁间隙(Tb.Sp)显著下降,骨小梁厚度(Tb.Th)和结构模型指数(SMI)无显著变化。经跑台运动和金雀异黄酮干预后,Tb.Sp显著下降,其他指标无显著变化;去卵巢大鼠经跑台运动、全身振动、金雀异黄酮和雌激素干预后,第5腰椎所有检测指标均无显著变化。结论:全身垂直振动和雌激素对去卵巢骨质疏松大鼠股骨骨微结构的改善效应大于跑台运动和金雀异黄酮,且对股骨的改善效应大于腰椎。
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of treadmill exercise, whole body vertical vibration, genistein and estrogen on the microstructure of femur and lumbar vertebrae in ovariectomized rats, and to provide a theoretical reference for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Methods: Sixty three-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (n = 10) and ovariectomized group (n = 50). After ovariectomized for 10 weeks, the ovariectomized rats were randomly divided into ovariectomized group, treadmill exercise group, vibration training group, genistein group and estrogen group according to their body weight, and different interventions deal with. At 8 weeks after intervention, rats in each group were sacrificed by abdominal aorta, free left femur and 5th lumbar vertebra were obtained. The left femur and the 5th lumbar vertebra of 6 rats in each group were subjected to micro-CT scan and 3D reconstruction , The distal femur and the 5th lumbar vertebral body from the growth plate at a distance of 1 mm, 2.0mm × 3.5mm, 0.9mm thick bone tissue area as the region of interest, bone morphometry analysis. Results: Compared with the ovariectomized group, the volumetric BMD, BV / TV and the number of trabecular bone (Tb.N) in ovariectomized rats were significantly higher than those in the ovariectomized rats (Tb.Sp), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) and structural model index (SMI) did not change significantly. After treadmill exercise and genistein intervention, Tb.Sp decreased significantly, while no significant changes were observed in other indexes. After the treadmill exercise, systemic vibration, genistein and estrogen intervention, ovariectomized rats No significant changes in test indicators. CONCLUSION: The effect of systemic vertical vibration and estrogen on the femoral bone microstructure of ovariectomized rats is greater than that of treadmill exercise and genistein, and the improvement effect on the femur is greater than that of the lumbar vertebra.