消费,包括物质消费和精神消费。精神消费也要借助于物质手段,这是它和物质消费共同的地方,其特殊性是:在消耗物质资料(还有劳务)的同时,还能获得文化、教育、医疗保健、体育,以及伦理、道德、思想、感情等方面的满足。所以,这是区别于物质消费的另一种性质的消费。精神消费有健康消费和不健康或病态消费之分。消费决定于收入,这两种精神消费均与收入及其形成有关。目前急须提倡和鼓励健康的精神消费,然而不健康的精神消费却仍在滋长和蔓延,这就需要我们从收入上寻找其根源,并采取相应的政策措施加以抑制。居民收入,包括劳动收入和机会收入。比如:有的人就业于外资企业,可获得较高的收入,其他的人则没有这种机会;居住在沿海、沿边地区的人,凭借区位优势可获得较高的收入,广大 Consumption, including material consumption and spiritual consumption. Spiritual consumption also depends on material means. This is where it shares material consumption. Its particularity is that while consuming material information (as well as labor), it also has access to culture, education, health care, sports, and ethics , Moral, thoughts, feelings and other aspects of satisfaction. Therefore, this is another kind of consumption different from material consumption. Mental consumption has both healthy and unhealthy or pathological consumption. Consumption depends on income, both of which are related to income and its formation. At present, it is urgent to promote and encourage healthy spiritual consumption. However, unhealthy spiritual consumption is still growing and spreading. This requires that we look for its source of income and take appropriate policy measures to curb it. Resident income, including labor income and opportunity income. For example, some people are employed in foreign-funded enterprises to obtain higher incomes while others do not have such opportunities. Those living in coastal areas and border areas can enjoy higher incomes by virtue of their location advantages.