目的检测肝癌组织及培养的肝癌细胞株HepG2细胞中缺氧诱导因子1α(HIF1 α)的表达及意义。方法用免疫组织化学、Western blot和逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测肝癌和正常肝组织及HepG2细胞中HIF1 α蛋白质和mRNA的表达,并分析其与肝癌病理特点的关系。结果免疫组织化学显示HIF1 α在肝癌组织中表达明显,阳性率达7 6．4％,显著高于正常肝组织,其表达与肿瘤的分化程度、有无癌栓有关(P<0．05),而与门静脉癌栓、乙型肝炎表面抗原及预后无关(P值均>0．05);Western blot 和RT-PCR检测结果与免疫组织化学结果一致。HIF1 α在HepG2细胞中表达的阳性率为93．6％。缺氧或加二氯化钴(150 μmol／L)作用2 h后HIF1 α蛋白质及mRNA表达增加。结论 HIF1 α蛋白质在肝癌中表达明显,在癌组织中表达主要受氧的调节,与肿瘤分化程度及有无转移有关,而与有无门静脉癌栓, 乙型肝炎表面抗原表达及预后无关。 Objective To detect the expression and significance of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α) in hepatoma tissue and cultured hepatoma cell line HepG2 cells. Methods Immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to detect the expression of HIF1α protein and mRNA in hepatocellular carcinoma, normal liver tissue and HepG2 cells, and their relationship with the pathological features of hepatocellular carcinoma was analyzed. Results Immunohistochemistry showed that HIF1α was significantly expressed in HCC tissue, with a positive rate of 7 6.4%, which was significantly higher than that of normal liver tissue. The expression of HIF1 α was related to the degree of tumor differentiation and the presence or absence of tumor thrombus (P<0.05). However, it had nothing to do with portal vein tumor emboli, hepatitis B surface antigen and prognosis (P>0.05). The results of Western blot and RT-PCR were consistent with the results of immunohistochemistry. The positive rate of HIF1α expression in HepG2 cells was 93.6%. The protein and mRNA expression of HIF1α increased after hypoxia or adding cobalt chloride (150 μmol/L) for 2 h. Conclusion The expression of HIF1α protein in hepatocellular carcinoma is obvious. The expression of HIF1α protein in cancer tissues is mainly regulated by oxygen, which is related to the degree of tumor differentiation and the presence or absence of metastasis. It is not related to the presence or absence of portal vein tumor thrombus, the expression and prognosis of hepatitis B surface antigen.