多氯联苯 (PCBs)是一组氯代烃类化学污染物 ,广泛存在于环境中 ,具有多种生物学效应 ,对神经内分泌系统的影响是其突出表现。此外 ,PCBs为脂溶性物质 ,可以通过胎盘和乳汁进入胎儿或婴儿体内 ,影响儿童的神经行为发育。本文就近年来有关多氯联苯对儿童神经发育、内分泌系统的影响 ,以及神经毒性机制方面的研究进行综述 Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of chlorinated hydrocarbon chemical pollutants that exist in a wide range of environments, with a variety of biological effects, the neuroendocrine system is its outstanding performance. In addition, PCBs are fat-soluble substances that can pass through the placenta and milk into the fetus or baby, affecting the child’s neurobehavioral development. This review summarizes recent studies on the effects of PCBs on the neurodevelopment and endocrine system in children and the mechanisms of neurotoxicity