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目的了解南通市2015-2016年度城市居民癌症高风险率、筛查率和检出率,为持续开展城市癌症早诊早治项目工作提供依据。方法选取40~69周岁常住户籍居民,采用国家统一的问卷开展有关癌症的流行病学调查和高风险评估。评估出的高风险对象免费接受肺癌、肝癌、上消化道癌(食管癌和胃癌)、结直肠癌和女性乳腺癌的临床筛查。结果共完成25 056例问卷调查和风险评估,其中肺癌、食管癌、胃癌、肝癌、结直肠癌和女性乳腺癌的高风险人群检出率分别为21.9%、27.6%、26.5%、17.3%、18.5%和7.6%,其中单癌种、两癌种、三癌种、四癌种和五癌种高风险的比例依次为24.0%、14.2%、9.5%、5.2%和2.3%。男性居民各部位癌种高风险率及多部位癌种高风险率均显著高于女性。各部位癌种高风险率及多部位癌种高风险率随年龄逐渐升高。癌症高风险人群筛查参与率分别为肺癌30.0%、食管癌1.7%、胃癌12.5%、肝癌36.2%、结直肠癌8.8%和乳腺癌56.9%。肺部阳性病例共63例,检出率3.8%。胃部阳性病例27例,检出率3.3%。肝脏AFP升高23例,肝脏阳性病例3例,检出率分别为1.5%和0.1%。结直肠阳性病例37例,检出率9.1%。乳腺阳性病例15例,检出率2.6%。结论需进一步完善城市癌症早诊早治策略,提高早诊早治效果。
Objective To understand the high-risk rate, screening rate, and detection rate of cancer among urban residents in Nantong City in 2015-2016, and to provide basis for continuing the work of urban cancer early diagnosis and early treatment projects. Methods The residents of 40 to 69 years old who were permanent residents were chosen to conduct the epidemiological investigation and high-risk assessment of the cancer using a national unified questionnaire. The high-risk subjects assessed were free to receive clinical screening for lung, liver, upper gastrointestinal (esophageal and gastric), colorectal, and female breast cancers. Results A total of 25 056 questionnaires and risk assessments were completed. The detection rates of high-risk groups of lung cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, and breast cancer were 21.9%, 27.6%, 26.5%, and 17.3%, respectively. 18.5% and 7.6%, of which the proportions of single cancer, two cancers, three cancers, four cancers, and five cancers were high risk, followed by 24.0%, 14.2%, 9.5%, 5.2%, and 2.3%. The high risk rate of cancer species in various parts of male residents and the high risk rate of multi-site cancer species were significantly higher than females. The high-risk rate of cancerous species and the high-risk rate of multi-site cancers increased gradually with age. The screening participation rates for high-risk cancer groups were 30.0% for lung cancer, 1.7% for esophageal cancer, 12.5% for gastric cancer, 36.2% for liver cancer, 8.8% for colorectal cancer, and 56.9% for breast cancer. A total of 63 lung-positive cases were detected with a detection rate of 3.8%. There were 27 positive cases in the stomach with a detection rate of 3.3%. AFP increased in liver in 23 cases and liver in 3 cases. The detection rates were 1.5% and 0.1%, respectively. Positive cases of colorectal cancer in 37 cases, the detection rate of 9.1%. There were 15 cases of breast positive cases with a detection rate of 2.6%. Conclusion It is necessary to further improve the strategy for early diagnosis and early treatment of urban cancer and improve the effectiveness of early diagnosis and early treatment.