本文用ＭＴＴ法对４３例胸部恶性肿瘤，其中肺癌３７例（含肺癌胸水１０例），食管癌６例进行了体外抗癌药敏检测．实验成功率肺癌实体瘤为９２．７％，食管癌为８３．３％，肺癌胸水为１００％。检测了恶性肿瘤对顺铂、卡铂、丝裂霉素－Ｃ、鬼臼乙叉甙、表阿雹素、长春新碱、５－氟脲嘧啶、放线菌索－Ｄ和平阳霉素等多种抗癌药物的敏感性。结果表明，同一肿瘤的不同病理类型对同一抗癌药物的敏感性各异，同一病理类型的不同个体对同一抗癌药物的敏感性也不同。 In this paper, 43 cases of thoracic malignant tumors, including lung cancer in 37 cases (including 10 cases of lung cancer pleural effusion), esophageal cancer in 6 cases were detected in vitro anti-cancer drug sensitivity. The success rate of experiment was 92.7% in solid tumors of lung cancer, 83.3% in esophageal cancer and 100% in lung cancer. Cisplatin, carboplatin, mitomycin C, etoposide, ephedrine, vincristine, 5-fluorouracil, actinomycin-D and pingyangmycin were detected in malignant tumors A variety of anti-cancer drug sensitivity. The results showed that different pathological types of the same tumor have different sensitivities to the same anticancer drug, and different individuals with the same pathological type have different sensitivity to the same anticancer drug.