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针对已有研究中将相变材料放入生活水箱内部会导致占用水箱储水容积的不足,本文设计了1种在水箱侧壁添加相变材料作为蓄热保温层的新型结构生活水箱。通过实验测试了其充放热水温响应特性并与未使用相变材料的传统结构水箱进行了对比,针对2种结构水箱充放热过程分别建立了二维数值传热模型并进行了验证,基于所建模型结合无锡地区峰谷电价进行了水箱年运行费用计算。研究结果表明:对2种水箱充放热过程而言二维数值模型均能满足计算精度要求;相变材料的使用延缓了水箱放热过程水温衰减,与传统结构水箱相比,新型结构水箱出水口水温由67℃降至40℃延缓了10 h;新型结构水箱中相变材料的使用可充分利用峰谷电价差异,本文算例中水箱年运行费用由901元(无相变材料)最多降低至770元(相变材料质量为106 kg),且相变材料的保温蓄热可以维持水箱内水温较长时间内满足用户需求。
Aiming at the shortcomings of taking the phase change material into the interior of the living water tank in the existing research, this paper designs a new type of structural domestic water tank with phase change material added as the thermal insulation layer on the side wall of the water tank. The experimental results show that the two-dimensional numerical heat transfer model has been established and validated for the two kinds of structural tanks, respectively, based on the experimental results. The model is combined with peak-valley electricity price in Wuxi to calculate the annual operating cost of the water tank. The results show that the two-dimensional numerical model can meet the requirement of calculation accuracy for the two kinds of tank’s charge-discharge process. The use of phase-change material delays the decay of water temperature during the process of exothermic process. Compared with the traditional tank structure, The water temperature in the outlet decreased from 67 ℃ to 40 ℃, which was delayed by 10 h. The use of phase change materials in the new type of water tank can make full use of the peak-valley electricity price difference. In this paper, the yearly operating cost of the water tank is reduced from 901 yuan (without phase change material) To 770 yuan (phase change material quality of 106 kg), and phase change material thermal insulation can maintain the water temperature within the tank for a long time to meet user needs.