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从深化改革开放的视角重新审视开放经济背景下政府的角色与定位,对我国转变政府职能颇具启发价值。文章考察了东欧转轨国家、新兴市场中的金砖国家和发达工业化国家贸易开放对政府规模的影响。在考虑了人均收入、国家规模及政府规模的滞后效应等影响因素后,计量分析结果显示,东欧转轨国家、金砖国家与发达工业化国家的政府规模随着贸易开放程度的提高出现较大差异:东欧转轨国家贸易开放对政府规模具有稳健的正向影响,而金砖国家贸易开放对政府规模的影响为正但不显著,发达工业化国家贸易开放却对政府规模具有稳健的负向影响。三类国家的贸易开放对政府规模的长期影响均大于短期影响。补偿假说在三类国家中并没有得到支持。
Examining the role and orientation of the government in the context of an open economy from the perspective of deepening reform and opening up is quite enlightening for the transformation of government functions in our country. The paper examines the impact of the opening up of trade in the transition economies of Eastern and Eastern Europe, the emerging BRIC countries and the developed industrialized countries on the size of the government. Taking into account the influencing factors such as the per capita income, the country size and the lag effect of the government size, the econometric analysis shows that the size of the government in the transition economies of Eastern Europe, BRICS and developed industrialized countries is greatly different with the opening up of trade: The trade liberalization in the transition countries of Eastern Europe has a positive and positive impact on the size of the government, while the impact of the BRIC trade liberalization on the size of the government is positive but not significant. The liberalization of trade in developed industrialized countries has a steady negative impact on the size of the government. The long-term effects of the trade liberalization on the government scale in the three types of countries are greater than the short-term effects. The compensation hypothesis is not supported in three types of countries.