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内藤湖南历史著作的方法论,可以追溯到他的青年时期。当时他正在研习佛教,通过阅读富永仲基的著作而受到启发。在内藤看来,那是与西欧的人文主义(基督教的文献批判)及中国的考据学(儒教的文献批判)相同的东西。最初他作为外务大臣小村寿太郎的顾问,研究间岛(延边)地区的国境问题。在其报告书中,他借助朝鲜的文献,对清朝的肇始又有了新的发现。本论文将追踪他的研究轨迹,探寻其前后两个间岛问题报告书之间的变化。最终,他在后一个报告书中形成的见解,成为他去京都大学的就职论文,并且还成为他取得博士学位的论文。这一时期的方法论,也适用于同时进行的、由专制皇帝与地方乡村共同体所组成的中国国家社会的肇始,或者中华文明本身的古代肇始问题。不过,关于朝鲜史及日本史,情况却有些不同。实际上,内藤湖南当初是将朝鲜史和日本史的古代肇始看作一个问题来进行研究的。但是,1910年以后,他的朝鲜史研究变成仅为中国史研究的内容。而且,他的日本史研究也只强调与中国的关系。内藤最终成为一位伟大的汉学家,就其方法论而言,从其青年时期的佛教研究,到后来的中国研究,却是一以贯之的。
The methodology of Naito’s southern history goes back to his youth. At the time, he was studying Buddhism and was inspired by reading Fu Yong’s book. In Naito’s opinion, it is the same thing as humanism in Western Europe (criticism of Christian literature) and Chinese textual criticism of Confucianism. Initially he served as adviser to Minister of Housing and Foreign Affairs Kotaro, studying the border issue in the area of Yamanashi (Yanbian). In his report, he used North Korean literature to make another discovery of the beginning of the Qing Dynasty. This essay will follow his research track and explore the changes between the two islands before and after his report. Eventually, the insights he formed in the latter report became his inaugural treatise at Kyoto University, and he also became his thesis for a Ph.D. The methodology of this period also applies to the initiation of the Chinese national society composed of autocratic emperor and local rural community, or the ancient beginning of the Chinese civilization itself. However, the history of North Korea and Japan history, the situation is somewhat different. In fact, Naito Fujinah had originally studied the ancient origins of North Korea history and Japanese history as a problem. However, after 1910, his study of Korean history became only the content of the study of Chinese history. Moreover, his study of Japanese history only emphasized the relationship with China. Naito eventually became a great sinologist, and from his Buddhist studies in his youth to later studies in China, it was consistent in his methodological approach.