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目的研究大盘山自然保护区内不同品系白术之间的形态学特征、遗传多样性基础,为保护和选育优质种质资源奠定基础。方法对11个品系的白术样品进行了形态学、生理学比较分析,并利用ISSR分子标记技术分析其遗传多样性,通过UPCMA法进行聚类分析。结果 11份白术样品在叶片形状、叶色、根茎形态、产量、抗病性方面存在很大的差异,且这些差异并没有一定的相关性;各品系白术的光合速率也存在显著的差异,且产量和光合速率间高度相关。筛选出的15条ISSR引物共检测得到129个位点,其中107个为多态性位点,占82.95%,聚类分析表明白术各品系之间都发生了一定程度的分化现象,个别品系之间遗传分化现象严重。结论大盘山白术资源丰富,各品系间具有一定遗传差异基础,为选育优质白术资源提供基础。
Objective To study the morphological characteristics and genetic diversity among different cultivars of Atractylodes macrocephala in Dapan Mountain Nature Reserve and lay the foundation for the protection and breeding of high quality germplasm resources. Methods A total of 11 strains of Atractylodes macrocephala were morphologically and physiologically analyzed, and their genetic diversity was analyzed by ISSR molecular markers. The cluster analysis was performed by UPCMA. Results There were great differences in the leaf shape, leaf color, rhizome morphology, yield and disease resistance of 11 Atractylodes macrocephala samples, and there was no certain correlation between them. The photosynthetic rate of Atractylodes macrocephala was also significantly different There is a high correlation between yield and photosynthetic rate. A total of 129 ISSR primers were screened out, of which 107 were polymorphic, accounting for 82.95%. Cluster analysis showed that all the strains of Atractylodes macrocephala had a certain degree of differentiation, A serious genetic differentiation between. Conclusion Atractylodes macrocephala in Dapan Mountain is rich in resources and has some genetic differences among all the breeds. It provides the basis for breeding high-quality Atractylodes macrocephala resources.