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通过盆栽试验,采用地上部氮挥发研究装置研究施氮量和基追比[对照处理:不施氮;传统施氮处理:施氮量为0.30 g(N).kg 1(土),基追肥比为7︰3;优化施氮处理:施氮量为0.15 g(N).kg 1(土),基追肥比为3︰7]对烤烟“粤烟97”在旺长期和成熟期地上部氮素挥发的影响。结果表明,与不施氮处理和传统施氮处理相比,优化施氮处理显著提高了成熟期烤烟地上部NO的挥发速率;但是3种施氮处理下成熟期烤烟对NO2表现为净吸收,且平均吸收速率差异不显著。3种施氮处理中,传统施氮处理无论是旺长期还是成熟期烤烟地上部平均N2O挥发损失量最高,其次是优化施氮处理,对照处理最小;传统施氮处理和优化施氮处理成熟期烤烟地上部平均N2O挥发损失量分别是旺长期的3.06倍和6.12倍。旺长期3种施氮处理之间烤烟地上部NH3挥发没有显著差异;但成熟期时,与传统施氮处理相比,优化施氮处理显著提高了烤烟地上部NH3挥发速率。减少施氮量和优化基追比例可减少旺长期和成熟期烤烟地上部N2O挥发,但增加成熟期NH3挥发。上述结果表明,优化施氮(氮肥后移)尽管促进烤烟中后期氮素吸收,但也促进了烤烟内源N2O形成、排放。因此,优化施氮(氮肥后移)对抑制烤烟氮素挥发的调控作用不明显。
The pot experiment was conducted to study the amount of nitrogen and the ratio of tops and bottoms of nitrogen application by above-ground nitrogen volatilization [Control treatment: no nitrogen application; conventional nitrogen application: 0.30 g nitrogen (N) The ratio of 7: 3; optimized N treatment: nitrogen application rate of 0.15 g (N) .kg 1 (soil), basal top dressing ratio of 3: 7] on the flue- Effect of nitrogen volatilization on shoots. The results showed that compared with no nitrogen application and conventional nitrogen application, the optimized nitrogen application significantly increased NO volatilization rate in mature tobacco leaves at maturity stage. However, the NO2 emission of mature tobacco under three nitrogen application treatments showed net absorption, And the average absorption rate difference is not significant. Among the three N application treatments, the average N2O loss was the highest in the above-ground part of flue-cured tobacco, followed by the optimized N application treatment, and the lowest in the control treatment. The traditional N application and the optimized N application treatment maturation period The average amount of N2O volatilization in above-ground parts of flue-cured tobacco was 3.06 times and 6.12 times longer than that in long-term tobacco. There was no significant difference in the volatilization of NH3 between aboveground nitrogen and flue-cured tobacco during the three long-term nitrogen treatments. However, compared with the conventional nitrogen fertilization, the optimized nitrogen application significantly increased the NH3 volatilization rate in the shoots. Reducing the amount of nitrogen application and optimizing the ratio of basal to chai can reduce the volatilization of NH3 in the shoots of flue-cured tobacco grown in Mongolian and Mongolian crops during the long-term and mature stages. The above results show that optimizing nitrogen application (N fertilizing) promoted the formation and emission of endogenous N2O in flue-cured tobacco although it promoted nitrogen absorption in the middle and late stages of flue-cured tobacco. Therefore, the optimal nitrogen application (N application) had no obvious effect on the suppression of nitrogen volatilization in flue-cured tobacco.