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新闻照片与新闻背景的关系,至少在三个层面上值得注意。一是照片本身作为新闻背景运用。报刊采用新闻照片,大多数是报道正在发生的新闻事件,或当时大众关注的新闻人物。还有一些就是起新闻背景作用的照片,对新闻本身作历史、环境、因果、对比等方面的补充,可称之为形象的新闻背景。而有时,当无法获得现场新闻照片时,背景新闻照片也可充当“主角”。典型的例子是,今年4月7日,巴解领袖阿拉法特的专机在利比亚上空遇到沙漠风暴后一度失踪。飞机紧急着陆时,三名机组人员丧生,阿拉法特受伤。当时无一家通讯社获得飞机失事的现场照片,美联、路透、法新不约而同地播发了几张有关阿拉法特的资料照片(图一)。其中除一张为介绍与阿拉法特座机同型号的飞机外,其余多为阿拉法特在国际事务中的照片。这些背景照片代替现场新闻照片成为新闻报道中的主体照片,同时也补充说明了阿拉法特这个新闻人
The relationship between news photos and the news background is notable for at least three levels. First, the photo itself as a news background. Newspapers use news photos, most of which are news stories that are taking place or are the newspersons of public concern at the time. Still others are photographs that serve as a backdrop for news. The supplement to the news itself in terms of history, environment, cause and effect, and contrast can be called an image background. And sometimes, background news photos can serve as “protagonists” when no live news photos are available. A typical example is that on April 7 this year, the special plane of Yugoslavia’s Arafat, the leader of the PLO Yugoslavia, was missing after being hit by a desert storm over Libya. When the plane landed an emergency, three crew members died and Arafat was injured. At that time, none of the news agencies was able to obtain live photos of the plane crashes. AP, Reuters and France newly issued several photos of Arafat’s photos (Figure 1). Among them, Arafat’s Arafat aircraft is mostly used for introducing Arafat aircraft of the same type as the other aircraft. Most of them are photographs of Arafat in international affairs. These background photos instead of live news photos become the main photos of news reports, but also added to the news of Arafat