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转移性肾癌是一种对于传统放、化疗较不敏感的不可治愈性疾病。虽然免疫治疗对部分患者具有一定疗效,但疗效通常并不持久,并且治疗可能导致严重的毒副作用。随着近年来对肾癌生物学及分子发病机制的加深了解,针对使用多种靶向治疗药物治疗肾癌的研究取得了可喜的成果。无论针对初治或以往治疗失败的患者,靶向治疗均显示出高于传统治疗的优越性。此外,治疗的耐受性非常良好,并不影响患者的生存质量。文章介绍了转移性肾癌的手术、免疫、化疗、放疗、靶向治疗等治疗的进展。
Metastatic renal cell carcinoma is an incurable disease that is less sensitive to traditional radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Although immunotherapy has some effect on some patients, the efficacy is usually not sustained, and the treatment may lead to serious side effects. With the recent understanding of renal cell biology and molecular pathogenesis, we have made gratifying achievements in the research of using a variety of targeted therapies to treat renal cell carcinoma. Targeted therapies show superiority over conventional therapies, both in patients who have had initial or previous treatment failure. In addition, the tolerability of treatment is very good, does not affect the quality of life of patients. This article describes the progress of the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma such as surgery, immunotherapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and targeted therapy.