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V5型转向节为“孔—盘—(耳—)臂”结构,是用于汽车转向驱动桥的汽车底盘类零件中重要的保安件,生产过程中容易在臂部产生裂纹,造成经济损失。对典型V5型转向节臂部裂纹件进行宏观形貌观察、化学成分检测和低倍酸腐蚀处理;同时建立模锻成形过程有限元模型,重点分析变形量较大的预锻成形过程中工件温度、金属流向、应力和应变的变化过程。得出转向节开裂原因为:淬火过程中温降速率过大、成形过程中拉压应力共同作用。通过将原淬火工序中使用的淬火介质水+PAG(水基淬火剂TWZ)更换为淬火油的改进措施,降低了淬火工序的锻件温降速率,有效的控制典型V5型转向节生产过程中臂部裂纹的锻件数量。
V5-type steering knuckle is a “hole - plate - (ear -) arm ” structure, is used in car steering drive axle chassis parts important security parts, the production process is easy to crack in the arm, resulting in economic loss. The macro-morphology observation, chemical composition detection and hypoceramic etching of typical V5 steering knuckle arm crack were carried out. At the same time, the finite element model of die forging process was established, and the temperature of the workpiece during the preforming process with large deformation , Metal flow, stress and strain changes. The reason for knuckle cracking is as follows: the rate of temperature drop during quenching is too large, and the tensile and compressive stress in forming process work together. Through the original quenching process used in the quenching medium water + PAG (water-based quenching agent TWZ) replaced by quenching oil measures to reduce the quenching process forging temperature drop rate, the effective control of the typical V5 knuckle production process in the arm Number of cracked forgings.