一、乡镇卫生院开展专科建设的背景和条件 (一)背景 乡镇卫生院是属国有的集体或全民的事业性医疗机构,在我国医疗体系中为最基层的一级医疗卫生组织。它的发展主要是依靠政府和社会各界的支持。目前的乡镇卫生院,由于国家财政的收入有限,其下拨的卫生经费还是有限的。而卫生院自身的经济收入,由于国家制定的收费标准现随着物价的上涨还不到成本收费,入不敷出。从最近几年我国乡镇卫生院的门诊量、住院日、床位使用率来看,绝大部分地区的卫生院 I. Background and conditions for township hospitals to carry out specialization construction (I) Background Township hospitals are state-owned collectives or all-people business-oriented medical institutions. They are the most basic-level medical and health organizations in China’s medical system. Its development mainly depends on the support of the government and all sectors of society. In the current township health centers, due to the limited revenue of the state finances, their allocated health funds are still limited. The hospital’s own economic income, because the country’s charging standards are now less than cost charges as prices rise, making ends meet. Judging from the outpatient visits, hospitalization days and occupancy rates of township and township hospitals in recent years, most hospitals in the region have seen