论文部分内容阅读
目的通过对环境因素及生活方式的比较研究,探讨导致中国不同地区儿童人群中哮喘患病率差异的原因。方法对10 902名来自北京、广州、香港三城市的儿童进行横断面研究,按照国际儿童哮喘和过敏性疾病研究(ISAAC)第二阶段方案,由儿童家长或监护人完成问卷调查,并随机抽取3479名儿童进行吸入性过敏原的皮肤点刺试验,对哮喘、特应性与环境和生活方式危险因素的相关性进行Logistic回归分析。结果过去12个月喘息的现患率分别为:香港5.8%,北京3.8%,广州3.4%,香港显著高于中国大陆(OR1.64,95%CI1.35~1.99)。多变量Logistic回归分析显示,应用煤气煮食(OR2.08,95%CI1.32~3.26)、海绵枕头(OR1.94,95%CI1.19~3.16)、房间潮湿(OR1.84,95%CI1.25~2.71)均是“近期喘息”的危险因素。而棉被的使用(OR0.70,95%CI0.56~0.87)、母乳喂养(OR0.79,95%CI0.66~0.96)及参加日托(OR0.73,95%CI0.59~0.88)是“近期喘息”的保护性因素。结论具有中国大陆生活特征的环境因素及生活方式(母乳喂养、参加日托、使用棉被、使用非海绵的枕头、非煤气的煮食燃料、家中墙上或天花板没有潮湿霉点)是导致中国香港与大陆儿童哮喘患病率差异的重要影响因素。
Objective To explore the causes of asthma prevalence differences among children in different regions of China through a comparative study of environmental factors and lifestyles. Methods A total of 10 902 children from three cities of Beijing, Guangzhou and Hong Kong were studied in a cross-sectional study. Questionnaires were completed by children’s parents or guardians according to the second stage of the International Symposium on Childhood Asthma and Allergic Diseases (ISAAC), and 3479 Children with inhaled allergens skin prick test, the correlation between asthma, atopy and environmental and lifestyle risk factors Logistic regression analysis. Results The prevalence rates of wheezing in the past 12 months were 5.8% in Hong Kong, 3.8% in Beijing and 3.4% in Guangzhou. Hong Kong was significantly higher than mainland China (OR 1.64, 95% CI, 1.35-1.99). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the room temperature (OR1.08, 95% CI 1.32 ~ 3.26), sponge pillow (OR1.94, 95% CI 1.19 ~ 3.16) CI 1.25 ~ 2.71) are risk factors for “recent wheezing”. (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.56-0.87), breastfeeding (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.66-0.96) and day care (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.59-0.88 ) Is a protective factor of “recent wheezing”. CONCLUSION Environmental factors and lifestyle (mainland China, breastfeeding, daycare, quilts, non-sponge pillows, non-gas cooking fuels, wet mildew on walls or ceilings in the home) were the most common cause of death in China Important Influencing Factors of Differences in Asthma Prevalence among Hong Kong and Mainland Children.