在《存在与虚无》中,“欠缺”作为萨特存在主义哲学的关键用语,集结了他对人生哲学的思考。通过对“欠缺”的阐释,萨特对他的虚无观点起到了画龙点睛的作用。萨特认为“欠缺”在某种程度上就是“虚无”的同义语。他用“欲望”、“超越”、“否定”和“自由”等表现形式对“欠缺”的含义作进一步哲学概念上的解释。 In The Existence and Nothingness, “lacking ” is the key phrase of Sartre existentialism philosophy, which pushes his thinking on philosophy of life. Through the interpretation of “lack of ”, Sartre played a finishing touch on his nihilistic viewpoints. Sartre believes that “lacking” is to some extent synonymous with “nothingness.” He interprets the philosophical conception of “deficiency ” by such manifestations as “desire ”, “transcendence ”, “negation ” and “freedom ”.