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目的了解外来民工存在的健康问题,分析其影响因素,探讨健康促进策略。方法对近10年来外来民工健康问题相关科技期刊和新闻媒体的文献进行回顾分析。结果外来民工的健康问题主要包括:传染病、慢性病、职业危害、意外伤害、性压抑和心理压力。影响因素包括:自然物质环境因素(不充足和不清洁的食品和水源供应、恶劣的居住条件和工作环境、不安全的工作场所),社会结构因素(收入微薄、社会歧视、文化程度低)。结论外来民工的健康状况不容乐观,运用《渥太华宪章》理论进行健康促进非常必要。
Objective To understand the existing health problems of migrant workers, analyze the influencing factors and discuss the health promotion strategies. Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the literature of the related science and technology journals and news media concerning the health problems of migrant workers in recent 10 years. Results The health problems of migrant workers mainly include infectious diseases, chronic diseases, occupational hazards, accidental injuries, sexual depression and psychological stress. Influencing factors include: natural material and environmental factors (inadequate and unclear food and water supply, poor living conditions and working conditions, unsafe workplaces), social structural factors (low income, social discrimination, low education). Conclusions The health status of migrant workers is not optimistic. It is very necessary to use the “Ottawa Charter” theory to promote health.