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为了研究老虎沟流域冰川产汇流特征,根据老虎沟流域2009年消融期4-10月的气象与水文观测资料,采用排除和不排除降水对冰雪消融产流影响的方法,对老虎沟流域融水径流的产流特征、白天和夜晚径流特征、径流的滞后效应进行了分析。结果表明:5-9月各月流量占到整个消融期流量的比例分别为7%、26%、33%、19%、14%。降水对河流的产流贡献率约为22%,冰雪融水和地下水对河流的产流贡献率为78%。观测期内,除5月外,白天流量全部大于晚上流量,而且6-8月白天和夜晚径流之间的差值较大。老虎沟冰川区以裸冰消融为主,冰面湖较少而且小,汇流较快,储水性能并不明显。5-9月流量峰值和谷值平均分别滞后气温7.0 h、3.5 h、2.5 h、2.5 h和4.5 h,冰川排水系统也随着流量变化经历慢速-快速-慢速的变化过程。
In order to study the characteristics of glacial convergence and runoff in Laogou Drainage Basin, according to the meteorological and hydrological data from April to October during the ablation period in 2009 in Laohugou Watershed, the effects of precipitation on the ablation and runoff of snow and ice were analyzed. Runoff characteristics of runoff, runoff characteristics during daytime and night, runoff lag effect were analyzed. The results showed that the monthly flow rates from May to September accounted for 7%, 26%, 33%, 19% and 14% of the total ablation flow respectively. The contribution rate of precipitation to river runoff is about 22%. The contribution rate of snowmelt melt and groundwater to river runoff is 78%. During the observation period, except for May, the daytime flow was all greater than the night flow, and the difference between daytime and nighttime runoff was larger in June-August. The glacier area of Laoguogou is dominated by naked ice ablation. There are fewer and smaller ice lakes, faster confluence and less obvious water storage performance. From January to September, the glacier drainage system also experienced a slow-fast-slow change with the flow rate lagged to 7.0 h, 3.5 h, 2.5 h, 2.5 h and 4.5 h, respectively.