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[目的]掌握住院患者疾病构成,及时发现疾病谱变化,为制定卫生政策和合理有效配置医疗卫生资源提供依据。[方法]采用描述性流行病学方法,对8家综合医院2008年住院患者病案记录资料进行分析。[结果]2008年8家综合医院住院患者共计114055人,不同年龄组人群疾病病种构成不同,15~44岁年龄组住院患者比例最高,占40.33%。女性患者妊娠分娩和产褥期疾病构成比居首位,占21.92%。除妊娠分娩和产褥期疾病外,男性和女性住院患者前5位疾病顺位一致,依次为循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病、损伤中毒、消化系统疾病和肿瘤,占住院患者总数的58.69%;男性和女性前10位疾病病种相同,但顺位不同,占住院患者总数的72.24%。[结论]15~44岁年龄组人群是疾病防控的重点对象;妊娠分娩和产褥期疾病占女性住院患者总数比例的54.25%,加强妇女保健工作意义重大;循环系统疾病、肿瘤对45岁以上中老年人危害大,对医疗卫生资源占用和消耗最大,是今后疾病防治的重点。
[Objective] To master the constitution of inpatients’ diseases and find out the changes of disease spectrum in time, and provide the basis for formulating health policies and rational and effective allocation of medical and health resources. [Methods] Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the medical records of inpatients in 8 general hospitals in 2008. [Results] The total number of inpatients in 8 general hospitals in 2008 was 114055, with different disease types in different age groups. The highest proportion of hospitalized patients aged 40-44 was 40.33%. The proportion of female patients in pregnancy and puerperium was the highest, accounting for 21.92%. In addition to the pregnancy and childbirth and puerperium diseases, the top five in-patients with male and female inpatients ranked the same, followed by circulatory diseases, respiratory diseases, injury poisoning, digestive diseases and tumors, accounting for 58.69% of the total number of inpatients; men and The top 10 diseases in women were the same, but the rankings were different, accounting for 72.24% of the total number of inpatients. [Conclusion] The population aged 15-44 is the focus of disease prevention and control; pregnancy and childbirth and puerperium accounted for 54.25% of the total number of female inpatients, and it is of great significance to strengthen women’s health care; circulatory diseases, The great harm to the elderly, occupy and consume the largest resources for medical and health, disease prevention and control in the future is the focus.