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目的:分析浙江省嘉兴市风疹流行病学特征,掌握辖区内育龄期人群风疹IgG抗体水平,评价已采取控制措施效果。方法:对2004-2013年《疾病监测信息报告管理系统》中风疹确诊病例个案资料进行描述性分析;随机抽取辖区内20~34岁正常人群,采集血清标本使用酶联免疫吸附试验(Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay,ELISA)检测风疹免疫球蛋白(Immunoglobulin,IgG),并进行统计分析。结果:2004-2013年共报告风疹确诊病例2 232例,年均报告发病率4.50/10万;15岁以下儿童占43.77%,发病以学生和学龄前儿童为主,占49.28%。20~34岁健康人群IgG抗体阳性率80.99%,抗体几何平均浓度(Geometric Mean Concentration,GMC)为64.68IU/ml,男女抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.168,P<0.05)。常规免疫覆盖人群的麻风疫苗查漏补种对控制风疹有效。结论:进一步规范风疹疑似病例专病管理,提高风疹实验室诊断率;对8月龄至14岁儿童、初三学生和育龄妇女进行预防接种是控制乃至消除风疹的有效手段。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rubella in Jiaxing City of Zhejiang Province and to understand the level of rubella IgG antibody in the population of childbearing age in the area under its jurisdiction. The evaluation has taken effect of control measures. Methods: Descriptive analysis of the case data of cases of measles in 2004-2013 Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System. The normal population aged 20-34 years were randomly selected. Serum samples were collected for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was used to detect rubella immunoglobulin (IgG), and statistical analysis was performed. Results: A total of 232 232 confirmed cases of rubella were reported from 2004 to 2013, with an average annual incidence of 4.50 / 100,000. Children under 15 years old accounted for 43.77%. The prevalence was 49.28% for students and pre-school children. The IgG antibody positive rate was 80.99% in healthy adults aged 20-34 years. The Geometric Mean Concentration (GMC) was 64.68 IU / ml. There was significant difference between male and female antibody (χ2 = 5.168, P <0.05). Conventional immunization coverage of leprosy vaccine leak detection replanting effective control of rubella. Conclusions: To further regulate the management of special diseases of suspected cases of rubella and improve the diagnosis rate of rubella laboratory; to prevent and cure rubella is the effective measure to prevent and cure rubella among the children aged 8 months to 14 years, the third year and the women of childbearing age.